The impact of rising sea levels on coastal settlements in Eket Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State.
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Background of the study
Rising sea levels pose a profound threat to coastal settlements worldwide, and Eket Local Government Area is no exception. The gradual encroachment of seawater, driven by climate change, has significant implications for coastal infrastructure, ecosystems, and local livelihoods (Johnson, 2023). This study delves into the multi-faceted impacts of sea level rise on the delicate balance of coastal communities. Coastal erosion, saline intrusion into freshwater resources, and increased flooding have become recurring challenges, directly affecting agricultural productivity and habitation patterns (Ibrahim, 2024). The interplay between natural processes and anthropogenic activities—such as deforestation and poor coastal management—further exacerbates these vulnerabilities. Emerging evidence indicates that robust adaptation strategies, including enhanced coastal defenses and sustainable land use planning, can mitigate adverse effects (Okon, 2023). Through a detailed examination of physical, social, and economic dimensions, this study seeks to build an integrative framework that supports proactive resilience planning in Eket, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on climate adaptation and sustainable development.
Statement of the problem
Coastal settlements in Eket are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of rising sea levels. This environmental challenge has led to coastal erosion, flooding, and saline intrusion, which jeopardize both infrastructure and local livelihoods. The lack of localized studies on these impacts has resulted in inadequate policy responses and adaptation measures. Consequently, residents face deteriorating living conditions and economic losses, while planners are hindered by limited data on the severity and spatial variability of these phenomena. Addressing this gap is essential to developing effective, evidence-based adaptation strategies (Johnson, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Objectives of the study:
• To evaluate the extent and impact of rising sea levels on coastal settlements in Eket.
• To assess the vulnerability of local infrastructure and socio-economic systems.
• To recommend adaptive strategies to mitigate adverse impacts.
Research questions:
• What are the primary impacts of rising sea levels on coastal settlements in Eket?
• How do sea level changes affect local infrastructure and community livelihoods?
• What adaptive measures can effectively reduce the risks associated with sea level rise?
Research Hypotheses:
• H1: Rising sea levels are significantly deteriorating coastal infrastructure in Eket.
• H2: Coastal communities exhibit increased vulnerability due to inadequate adaptation measures.
• H3: Implementation of adaptive strategies can significantly reduce the adverse impacts of sea level rise.
Significance of the study
This study is significant in illuminating the complex effects of rising sea levels on Eket’s coastal settlements. Its findings will provide policymakers and planners with crucial data to design resilient infrastructure and targeted adaptation strategies. The research contributes to sustainable coastal management and climate change mitigation efforts, safeguarding vulnerable communities (Johnson, 2023).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to assessing the impacts of rising sea levels on coastal settlements within Eket Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, and does not consider inland areas.
Definitions of terms:
• Rising Sea Levels: The gradual increase in global sea levels due to climate change.
• Coastal Settlements: Communities located along the coastline that are vulnerable to sea-level changes.
• Adaptive Strategies: Measures implemented to adjust to and mitigate the adverse effects of environmental changes.
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